Fri Dec 01 2023

77 articles - From Friday Nov 24 2023 to Friday Dec 01 2023

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

AGA Clinical Practice Update on Appropriate and Tailored Polypectomy: Expert Review.

BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 11: Refer patients with nonpedunculated polyps with clear evidence of submucosally invasive cancer for surgical evaluation. BEST PRACTICE ADVICE 12: Understand the endoscopy suite's electrosurgical generator settings appropriate for polypectomy or postpolypectomy thermal techniques.

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J Hepatol

Improved assessment of donor liver steatosis using Banff consensus recommendations and deep learning algorithms.

Our findings support the use of Banff recommendations in daily practice and highlight the need for a granular analysis of their effect on liver transplantation outcomes. Impact and implications • We developed and validated the first automated deep-learning algorithms for steatosis standardized assessment based on the Banff Liver Working Group consensus recommendations. • Our algorithm provides an unbiased automated evaluation of steatosis, which will lay the groundwork for granular analysis of steatosis's short- and long-term effects on organ viability to identify clinically relevant steatosis cut-off for donor organ acceptance. • Implementing our algorithm in daily clinical practice will allow a more efficient and safe allocation of donor organs, aiming at improving the post-transplant outcomes of patients.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Am J Gastroenterol

Dye Chromoendoscopy Outperforms High-Definition White Light Endoscopy in Dysplasia Detection for IBD Patients: An Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Our updated meta-analysis supports DCE as a superior strategy in overall dysplasia detection in IBD, even with HD scopes. When expertise is available, DCE should be considered for surveillance colonoscopy in high-risk IBD patients, with the acknowledgment that virtual chromoendoscopy shows equivalence in recent studies. Further multicenter trials with multiple endoscopists with varying expertise levels and longer-term outcome data showing a reduction in cancer or cancer-related death are needed.

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Endosc Int Open

Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection in the West: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The effectiveness of colorectal ESD for large colorectal polyps and early colorectal cancers is improving in Western countries, and recent resection rates are comparable to that seen in Asia. Colorectal perforation is still observed in about 5% of ESD; however, < 2% of patients need emergency surgery for AEs.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Bifidobacterium breve Bif195 ameliorates aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage: A randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial.

Bif195 reduces aspirin-induced gastric mucosal damage and may serve as a safe supplement during multiple-dosing aspirin treatment.

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Clinical trial: Clinical and endoscopic outcomes with ustekinumab in patients with Crohn's disease: Results from the long-term extension period of STARDUST.

STARDUST LTE is the first interventional ustekinumab efficacy study to show a favourable benefit-risk profile with preservation of clinical and endoscopic outcomes through Week 104 using flexible, algorithm-driven dose adjustment including de-escalation.

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Efficacy and safety of upadacitinib for 16-week extended induction and 52-week maintenance therapy in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis.

Patients without clinical response after 8 weeks' upadacitinib 45 mg induction therapy, may benefit from an additional 8 weeks of therapy. Clinical trial registration

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Long-term effectiveness and acceptability of switching from intravenous to subcutaneous infliximab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with intensified doses: The REMSWITCH-LT study.

Switching from IV to SC infliximab 120 mg every other week is safe and well accepted leading to low long-term risk of relapse. Tight monitoring and dose escalation should be recommended for patients receiving 10 mg/kg/6 weeks and 4 weeks, respectively.

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Longitudinal changes in renal function in patients with chronic hepatitis B on antiviral treatment.

NUC-treated patients, especially those on TDF, faced a higher CKD progression risk than untreated patients. Entecavir- and TAF-treated patients had comparable CKD progression risks to untreated patients. No difference was observed between entecavir and TAF in the risk of CKD progression.

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Am J Gastroenterol

Psychiatric and educational aspects of familial adenomatous polyposis - a nationwide Danish cohort study with matched non-exposed individuals.

Compared to non-exposed individuals, FAP patients had significantly less education and an increased risk of developing mood and behavioural disorders, with an increased likelihood of needing antidepressants and antipsychotics.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis Mortality Rates are Disproportionately Increasing in Younger Women in the US between 2000-2020.

Mortality rates due to CLD and cirrhosis in the U.S. are increasing disproportionately in younger women. This finding was driven by higher rates in Non-Hispanic White and Hispanic individuals, with variation between U.S. states. Future studies are warranted to identify the reasons for these trends with the ultimate goal of improving outcomes.

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Prolonged gastrointestinal manifestations after recovery from COVID-19.

In this follow-up survey of patients 12-18 months after hospitalization with COVID-19, there was a high prevalence of DGBIs and persistent GI symptoms. Prolonged gastrointestinal manifestations were associated with the severity of GI symptoms during hospitalization and with the degree of psychological trauma related to the illness experience.

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Endosc Int Open

Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors: Short-term outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection performed in the Western setting.

In experienced hands, ESD for D-NETs can achieve a 100% en bloc resection rate. There were no cases of local recurrence or distant metastatic spread, indicating that ESD may be a viable option for patients with D-NETs 10 to 15 mm that are not surgical candidates.

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Pilot study of an endoluminal-suturing device as a treatment for patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Endoscopic full-thickness suturing of the esophagogastric junction with the Endomina suturing platform is feasible, allowing persistence of two-thirds of the plications, with promising results for decreasing reflux and improving GERD symptoms.

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Potential role of a novel endoscopic retrieval bag for large colorectal resected specimen: a proof-of-concept study.

The median (interquartile range) retrieval time was 4 (4-8) minutes, and no apparent adverse events were observed. The novel Endo Carry Large Type device can accomplish colorectal specimen retrieval safely and quickly without specimen damage and therefore may contribute to accurate pathological diagnosis.

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Gastroenterology

Cholangiocytes modulate CD100 expression in the liver and facilitate pathogenic Th17 differentiation.

CD100 exerts its functional impact through cholangiocyte-immune cell crosstalk and underscores an active, proinflammatory role of cholangiocytes that can be relevant to novel treatment approaches.

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Proteomic characterization identifies clinically relevant subgroups of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

Our study provides a valuable data resource and highlights potential therapeutic approaches for GIST.

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RET Signaling Persists in the Adult Intestine and Stimulates Motility by Limiting PYY Release from Enteroendocrine Cells.

RET signaling normally limits nutrient-dependent peptide release from L-cells and this activity is necessary for normal intestinal motility in male mice. These effects could contribute to dysmotility in HSCR, which predominantly affects males, and uncovers a mechanism that could be targeted to treat post-prandial GI dysfunction.

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The Effect of Nationwide Organized Cancer Screening Programs on Gastric Cancer Mortality: a Synthetic Control Study.

South Korea's nationwide GC screening has apparent benefits while the Japanese program's effectiveness is uncertain. The experiences of South Korea and Japan could serve as a reference for other countries.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Comparison of covered self-expandable metallic stents with 12-mm and 10-mm diameters for unresectable malignant distal biliary obstructions: A prospective randomized trial.

The 12-mm covered self-expandable metallic stents provide a longer time to recurrent biliary obstruction than do 10-mm covered self-expandable metallic stents for managing unresectable malignant distal biliary obstruction.

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Hepatology

Base editing of the mutated TERT promoter inhibits liver tumor growth.

These findings demonstrate that a sgRNA-guided CjABE efficiently converts the mutated TERT promoter -124 C>T to -124 C in HCC cells and underscore the potential to treat HCC by the base editing-mediated correction of TERT promoter mutations.

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PUS1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma via mRNA pseudouridylation to enhance the translation of oncogenic mRNAs.

Our study highlights the critical role of PUS1 and pseudouridylation in HCC development, and provides new insight that PUS1 enhances the protein levels of a set of oncogenes, including IRS1 and c-MYC, via pseudouridylation-mediated mRNA translation.

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J Hepatol

The adjusted prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) in 25 countries and territories.

We found substantially lower HDV prevalence than previously reported, as prior meta-analyses primarily focused on studies conducted in groups/regions that have a higher probability of HBV infection tertiary care centers, specific risk groups or geographical regions. There is large uncertainty in HDV prevalence. The implementation of reflex testing would improve estimates, while also allowing earlier linkage to care for HDV-RNA-positive individuals. The logistical and economic burden of reflex testing on the health system would be limited, as it would only screen HBsAg+ cases. Impact and implications There is a great deal of uncertainty surrounding the prevalence of HDV among people living with HBV at the population level. This study aimed to better understand the burden in 25 countries and territories, to refine techniques that can be used in future analyses. We found a lower prevalence in the majority of places studied than had been previously reported. These data can help inform policy makers on the need to screen people living with HBV to find those coinfected with HDV and at high risk for progression, while also highlighting the pitfalls that other researchers have often fallen into.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

The Prevalence and Characteristics of Symptomatic Uncomplicated Diverticular Disease Among Asian Patients With Unexplained Abdominal Symptoms.

It is important to recognize that patients with SUDD account for as high as 31% of outpatients with unexplained abdominal symptoms; these patients have diarrhea and a low QOL. The presence of right-sided SUDD was characteristic of Asian patients.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

American Indian and Alaska Native Digestive Health: Challenges, Opportunities, and a Path Forward.

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Blue Notes.

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Endosc Int Open

Drainage of walled-off necrosis: when can I still use plastic stents?

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Gastroenterology

Too Much of a Good Thing: Imposing an Upper Limit to a High Fiber Diet.

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J Hepatol

Detour of bile acids routes as therapeutic roadmap for cholemic nephropathy.

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E. coli´s fight against TYROnny: Designing a bacterial strain to tackle tyrosinemia type 1.

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Using NIS2+™ to identify at-risk MASH in clinical trials.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

Calendar of Courses, Symposiums and Conferences.

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ChatGPT and American College of Gastroenterology Self-Assessment Test: Comment.

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Comments on Quality of Life in Patients With Definite Chronic Pancreatitis: A Nationwide Longitudinal Cohort Study.

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Generative Artificial Intelligence for Gastroenterology: Neither Friend nor Foe.

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Identifying Phenotypic Determinants of Infliximab Target Concentrations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Toward Personalized Evidence-Based Dosing Regimens.

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Looking to Future Applications of Large Language Models.

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Response to Bourgonje and Mian.

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Response to Yi et al.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Adenomyomatous hyperplasia of the ampulla of Vater.

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Endosc Int Open

Basket-assisted method for removal of floating pancreatic stones by electronic hydraulic lithotripsy through peroral pancreatoscopy.

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Endoscopy

Colonoscopy setting and impact on statistical significance in Artificial Intelligence trials.

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Diagnosis and preoperative evaluation of vena cava mass by endoscopic ultrasound: "hunting" for the overlooked lesions.

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Endoscopy E-Videos - recently published.

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Magnet-assisted traction method helps to reduce the difficulty of esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

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Peroral endoscopic myotomy for Zenker's diverticulum without tunneling.

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Gastroenterology

Deploying lactulose as a prebiotic to reduce complications of chronic liver disease.

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Massive Mesenteric Lymphadenopathy - an unusual outcome.

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Unveiling the protective role of BTNL-selected d T cells in inflammatory bowel disease.

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Gastrointest Endosc

A Fish Bone Embedded in the Hypopharynx Successfully Extracted Using Cap-assisted Endoscopy.

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Anti-reflux mucosal ablation as the rescue therapy for fundoplication failure.

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Artificial intelligence aided colonoscopy in 10 years.

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Biliary cast syndrome developed after treatment for acute cholangitis : Progression to secondary sclerosing cholangitis.

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Direct Intrahepatic Portocaval Shunt Into the Bile Duct: A Rare Case of Jaundice.

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Endoscopic Closure of Refractory External Pancreatic Fistula by Injecting Metal Coil in the Fistula Tract.

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Endoscopic Ultrasound Directed Transgastric ERCP for management of severe hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in a liver transplant patient with bypass anatomy.

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Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Cholecystojejunostomy for Management of Acute Cholecystitis in a Patient with Cirrhosis, Ascites and Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Anatomy.

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Endoscopic removal of a chicken bone embedded in a child's esophagus.

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection for the treatment of advanced esophageal cancer subsequent to chemotherapy.

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Enhancing Diagnosis: The role of endocytoscopy in diagnosing small esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

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Off-label use of large bariatric stent: How to open the angle.

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Simultaneous Cesarean Section and Cystogastrostomy with Lumen Apposing Metal Stent Placement in 34 weeks Pregnant Female.

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Splenosis with suspected gastric subepithelial lesion.

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Successful prevention of post-ESD esophageal stenosis using autologous buccal mucosa with polyglycolic acid and self-help inflatable balloon.

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Transesophageal echocardiography upper esophageal perforation successfully treated with Vacuum-sponge therapy (with video).

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Hepatology

Incorporation of genetic testing into the diagnostic algorithms of PALF: The time is now.

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Letter to the Editor: Alcohol-induced extracellular ASC specks perpetuate liver inflammation and damage in alcohol-associated hepatitis even after alcohol cessation.

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Looking for the best algorithm in diabetes population for advanced fibrosis detection: The best is the enemy of the good.

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J Hepatol

A rare cause of painful hepatomegaly.

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From the Editor's Desk...

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Fecal calprotectin profiles in Crohn's disease: a longitudinal data analysis.

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J Hepatol

ARID3A variant and the risk of primary biliary cholangitis in a Central European cohort.

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Beyond Body Weight: Diversified Presentation of MASLD in Lean, Overweight, and Obese Participants.

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Increase in HDV replication during steroid therapy - potential implications for testing and treatment strategies.

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Preliminary Fatty Liver Disease Grading Using General-Purpose Online Large Language Models: ChatGPT-4 or Bard?

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Suboptimal hydration status increases the risk of incident MAFLD: a pediatric cohort study.

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Ultrasensitive HBsAg testing predicts HBsAg seroreversion outcomes: considerations for new and existing therapies.

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